Automatic car sand blaster

ABSTRACT

An apparatus is disclosed in which a mixture of a highly volatile chemical solvent and an abrasive is sprayed onto the surface of an automobile at an obilique angle. The abrasive removes the paint without chipping and roughs up the surface while the chemical solvent removes film and dirt thereby enabling the surface of the automobile to receive a new coat of paint. One embodiment of the apparatus is disclosed in which spraying devices are mounted around a platform upon which an automobile may rest. The platform has a drain for carrying away solvent and abrasive after it runs off the body of the car. Conveyors are employed to recycle the still useable materials to reservoirs from which they initially came.

United States Patent 1 1 Fleischer Nov. 6, 1973 Primary Examiner-Donald G. Kelly AUTOMATIC CAR SAND BLASTER [76] Inventor: Henry Fleischer, 18 Notch Park j fi 'i i Gtfldberg Rd" Little Falls NJ. ttorneyawrence erner et a [22] Filed: Mar. 16, 1972 [57] ABSTRACT [21] APPL NO; 235,293 An apparatus is disclosed in which a mixture ofa highly volatile chemlcal solvent and an abrasive is sprayed Related Application Data onto the surface of an automobile at an obilique angle. [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 68,151, Aug. 31, The abrasive removes the paint without chipping and I970, abandoned. roughs up the surface while the chemical solvent removes film and dirt thereby enabling the surface of the [52] U.S. Cl 51/1], 51/12, 51/16 automobile to receive a new coat of paint [5 l] Inti CL; IBIZ4IcZ3/II; one embodiment the apparatus is disclosed in which [58] d 0 each l 3445 spraying devices are mounted around a platform upon I which an automobile may rest. The platform has a drain for carrying away solvent and abrasive after it [56] References cued runs off the body of the car. Conveyors are employed UNITED STATES PATENTS to recycle the still useable materials to reservoirs from 1,585,990 5/1926 Houghton 51/8 UX which they initially came. 1,881,345 10/1932 Beatty et al.... 5l/ll 2,108,545 2/1938 Minich 51/8 2,387,193 10/1945 Swenarton. 51 11 x 7 Clam, 10 Drawmg Flgures 2,605,596 8/l952 Uhri 5l/ll I] SAND RESERVOIR COMPRESSOR FLUID RESERVOIR PATENTEU NOV 6 I973 COMPRESSOR FLUID RESERVOIR SHEET 10F 3 RESERVOIR SAND PATENTEDNUV s 1915 3768753 sum 3 or 3 AUTOMATIC CAR SAND BLASTER REFERENCE TO OTHER APPLICATIONS FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the preparation of previousy painted surfaces for repainting and particularly to the preparation of automobiles for repainting.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Many automobiles which are discarded as junk have nothing more wrong with them than a rusted-out body. In many cases this can be prevented by a timely repainting of the body of the car. As with many things a decision to repaint or not to repaint is determined to a large extent on cost.

Before a car, truck, or other similar items can be repainted, the old paint must be removed and the metallic surface thereunder properly cleaned and prepared to receive a fresh coat of paint.

Almost all paint removal and surface preparation of cars is done by hand by unskilled workers. Therefore, as the minimum cost of labor increases, the cost of repainting cars is directly affected.

In recent years, it has been exceedingly difficult to obtain workers to prepare cars for repainting even at increased wages. As a result, it is not only more expensive than before to have a car painted, but it is also more difficult to get the job done.

Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide a machine for automatically removing paint and dirt from the surface of an automobile and simultaneously preparing the surface for repainting.

It is another object of this invention to provide a machine for automatically preparing a car for repainting which removes the paint without chipping or gouging the automobile trim.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a machine for automatically preparing a car for repainting which does not necessitate a drying operation after use of the machine.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a machine which may be constructed to accomodate a small automobile repainting facility or a facility which repaints large numbers of cars and trucks.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With these and other objects in view, the present invention contemplates a method of and apparatus for removing paint from a surface of an automobile and preparing the surface to receive a new coat of paint in which a mixture of abrasive and a volatile chemical solvent are sprayed under pressure onto the surface at an oblique angle i.e., less than 45. 7

In one embodiment sand is gravity fed into a chamber and the chemical solvent is sprayed across the path of the falling sand to carry the sand therewith through a nozzle. The nozzle is pivotally mounted to direct the spray of chemical solvent and sand onto the surface of the automobile at the oblique angle.

Compressed air is also injected into the chamber to aid the mixture of chemical solvent and sand being sprayed through the nozzle.

In a further embodiment a plurality of chambers and nozzles are arranged around a platform to simultaneously spray the surface of a car. A drain is located in the bottom of the platform to recover abrasive for reuse and means are provided for separating the solvent and recovering it for reuse. Hand means are also provided for finishing the job.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a spraying unit constructed to practice the principles of this invention.

FIG. 2 shows a plurality of spraying units as embodied in FIG. 1 formed in a single element and how the element is interconnected with additional apparatus to form a machine for stripping paint in accordance with the'teachings of this invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a machine employed in practicing the principles of this invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 44 of FIG. 3 showing additional features of the machine in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 shows an alternate embodiment of the spring element shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a hand instrument used with the present invention for finishing the car.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the instrument of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a car surface repaired using the hand instrument of FIGS. 6 and 7.

FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 of a scratch removed by a prior art device.

FIG. 10 is an end view of the edge of the nozzle shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring now to FIG. 1, we see a chamber 10 into which sand from a reservoir 11 gravity fed through a flexible rubber conduit 12. A highly volatile fluid is pumped from a reservoir 13 by a pump through a flexible hose 15 across the path of the falling sand. The stream of pumped fluid is. directed at a movably mounted nozzle 16. A compressor 17 blows air through a flexible hose 18 into the chamber 10 in a direction similar to the flow of fluid therethrough. The flow of air and fluid across the path of the sand is slightly downward so as not to push the sand back up the conduit 12 blocking its downward flow. It should be observed that the mouth of the conduit 12 is extremely large to aid in the free flow of the sand therein.

The compressed air and fluid are directed at the nozzle 16 which has sufficient passing capacity to prevent a backup of sand, air and fluid. This is desirable so that the chamber 10 does not back up and become pressurized. By having a separate fluid and air supply, the volume of fluid can be separately regulated by, for example, adjusting the speed of the pump 14 while the pressure of flow can be set by proper adjustment of the compressor 17. The nozzle 16 can be angularly ad- 'justed with respect to the side of the chamber 10 so that the angle of incidence of the mixture of sand, air and v fluid upon a'surface to be cleaned can be adjusted so that abrasion rather than chipping occurs.

It should be understood that the term volatile when used with respect to a fluid, means that the fluid is one which is easily evaporizable at a temperature below the boiling point of water.

In FIG. 2 we see a cleaning section 19 comprising a plurality of chambers 10 a through 102 each constructed similarly to the chamber 10. The flexible inlet hoses or conduits for sand 12a through 12e, air 18a through l8e, and fluid 15a through 15e are shown schematically as are the. nozzles 16a through 16e. Each of these inlet devices 12a through 122, 18a through 182, 15a through 15e are connected to the cleaning member 19 by quick connect-connectors.

The cleaning member 19 is pivotally adjustably mounted on a platform 21 by a swivel pin 22. A tilt angle guage 23 is carried by the cleaning member 19 so that a tightening screw 24 may be employed to secure the cleaning member at a desired angular relationship with respect to the platform 21.

A second cleaning member 26 is pivotally mounted on the first cleaning member 19 by a swivel pin 27. The

second cleaning member 26 has a tilt angle gauge 28- and a tightening screw 29 similar to the tilt angle gauge 23 and the tightening screw 24 of the first cleaning member 19.

In each of the chambers 10a through le sand is gravity fed through the conduits 12a through l2e. The conduits 12a through l2e may be connected to a single sand reservoir such as sand reservoir 11. Volatile fluid from a fluid reservoir such as fluid reservoir 13 is pumped to each of the hoses 15a'through 152 to be sprayed across the path of the sand at a downward angle and directed towards the nozzles 16a through 16. In a like fashion, air from a compressor such as compressor 17 is forced through the hoses 18a through 18e to assist the fluid in carrying the sand to the nozzles. It should be clear that the details of the sand, air and fluid entry into the chamber in FIG. 1 is representative of the construction and entry of materials into the chambers 10a through 10e.

It should be noted that the chambers 10a through 10e are separated from each other by separating walls 31a through 31d so that each of the chambers 10a through We are selfcontained. ln this way, sand, fluid and air will not pass from chamber to chamber. The nozzles 16a through 16c are located toward the lower extrem ity of the chambers 10a through 10a to prevent a buildup of material at the bottoms thereof.

Referring now to both FIGS.'3 and 4, we see a paint removing and surface preparing apparatus that could be employed in a commercial repainting environment. A plurality of cleaning members are arranged around a platform 21. Each of the cleaning members are formed from a lower section 19 and an upper section 26. Each of the sections has a plurality of chambers 10, (not shown), such as the chambers shown in FIG. 2 and a plurality of nozzles 16. Flexible hoses and conduits I2, and 18 bring sand from a reservoir 11, air from a compressor not shown, and a highly volatile fluid from a reservoir not shown into each of the chambers. The nozzles designated 16 spray the preparing mixture of sand and the highly volatile solvent under pressure onto the surface of a truck 32.

As the preparing mixture strikes the surface of the truck 32 at an oblique angle (i.e., less than 45), the solvent removes film and dirt from the surface thereof. The abrasive striking at an oblique angle removes the paint without chipping. Glass and trim have been masked so that the impact of the abrasive will not chip or scrape them. It should be noted that if the angle of the mixture strikes the surface was greater than 45there would be a sand blasting effect on the surface, injuring the same.

The chemical solvent carries away the abrasive and bits of material removed from the surface of the truck 32, which sits on platform 21 across the top of the platform 21 and through a drain 33. The solvent which does not run off the surface of the truck 32 will evaporate quickly, as it is highly volatile so that relatively little further work must be done on the surface of the truck 32 before repainting is accomplished. The sand carried by the chemical solvent is brought through the drain to rest on the surface of a conveyor belt 34. The conveyor belt 34 will bring the abrasive to rest in piles 35 and 36. The solventwill quickly evaporate and can then be collected by a fume-hood 60 supported by members 62 and 64 and then condensed to retain the solvent.

A plurality of basket type conveyors 37 scoop up the abrasive from the piles 35 and 36 and bring them back to the reservoirs 11. It should be understood that the recirculating systems described above is employed to bring solvent back to the fluid reservoir 13.

In FIG. 5, we see an alternate embodiment for the cleaning member 19. In this embodiment, the cleaning member 38 is not divided into compartments as is the cleaning member 19. Instead, sand, air and the highly volatile solvent is brought in through the quick connect-connectors attached to the conduit 12 and hoses 15 and 18 causing the mixture to travel down the full length of the member 38. A plurality of scoops 39 through 42 pass through the wall of the cleaning member 38. The higher scoop 39 is shorter than each of the succeeding lower scoops 40, 41 and 42. When material strikes scoop 39, a portion thereof will be sprayed out of the cleaning member 38 onto a surface at an oblique angle. As less material is left in the cleaning member 38, a larger scoop will intersect the path of travel. In this way, a relatively constant stream of cleaning material will be provided thereby.

A cleaning member 38 can beemployed in small painting shops because it will be considerably less expensive than the cleaning member 19. Its construction is simplier and requires only one inlet for sand, one inlet for air, and one inlet for the highly volatile solvent. In a shop, however, that does a large volume, the cleaning member 19 would be more suitable.

In'FIGS. 6,7 and 10 there is shown a hand nozzle adapted to be connected to the source'of sand, solvent and compressed air generally designated. by the numeral 50. The instrument 50 has two flat nozzles 52 and 54 hinged at 56 and controlled by a hand adjusted member 57 to widen or narrow the area covered by the nozzle. The nozzles 52 and 54 provide a V-shaped pattern.

Thus the instrument 50 is intended to be used to correct scratches, and other flaws not cleaned by the automistic apparatus shown in FIGS. 1-5. Thus the nozzles 52 and 54 interact and are tapered against one another causing the outflowing mixture to abrade the surfaces and to taper the painted surface'gradually to form a gradual concave or shallow V shape when the surface is viewed at cross section as in FIG. 8. This permits scratches, chips, and nicks to be painted over without any further sanding which now has to be done manually through the use of machines. No other slurry streams or combination of chemical abrasive and air will provide this tapered effect upon a painted surface. The presently known slurry and sand blast patterns produce a non-tapered effect as shown in the FIG. 9 cross section view.

This effect requires manual treatment by sanding machines to make a gradual taper over which fillers and paints can be applied; otherwise a deep groove or scratch effect will be visible upon the completion of the paint job.

The following differences are also obvious. The interaction of the nozzles 52 and 54 makes a double taper multiangle abrading action upon the treated surfaces. Of course the instrument 50 is operated at an angle less than 45 to the surface being cleansed.

It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of this invention and that numerous others will become obvious to those who have ordinary skill in the art in light thereof.

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus for preparing an object having a painted metal surface for repainting including:

means for holding said object with said surface in a predetermined position;

a source of abrasive;

a source of a volatile chemical solvent:

mixing means for mixing abrasive from said source of abrasive and volatile chemical solvent from said source of chemical solvent to provide a preparing mixture, said mixing means comprising means for gravity feeding said abrasive along a path and means for spraying said volatile solvent across said path; and

directing means for directing a stream of said preparing mixture onto said surface at any oblique angle,

said directing means comprising a source of compressed air; a nozzle mounted adjacent to said surface; and means for blowing compressed air from said source of compressed air through said preparing mixture at said nozzle.

2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 also including:

means located below said object for collecting abrasive; and

means for returning collected abrasive from said collecting means to said source of abrasive for reuse.

3. The apparatus as defined in claim 2 also including a plurality of sources of abrasive, sources of volatile chemical solvent, mixing means and directing means located adjacent to said collecting means.

4. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which said directing means includes a plurality of scoops for catching predetermined amounts of said preparing mixture; said scoops being arranged vertically with respect to one another, the higher of said scoops being larger than the lower of said scoops.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means for directing a stream of said preparing mixture onto said surface at an oblique angle includes nozzle means causing said preparing mixture to form a flat V-shaped stream.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said nozzle means includes a pair of flat nozzles pivotally connected together to form a variable V-shape.

7. The apparatus of claim 2 including means for collecting and recycling evaporated solvent to return it to its source. 

1. An apparatus for preparing an object having a painted metal surface for repainting including: means for holding said object with said surface in a predetermined position; a source of abrasive; a source of a volatile chemical solvent: mixing means for mixing abrasive from said source of abrasive and volatile chemical solvent from said source of chemical solvent to provide a preparing mixture, said mixing means comprising means for gravity feeding said abrasive along a path and means for spraying said volatile solvent across said paTh; and directing means for directing a stream of said preparing mixture onto said surface at any oblique angle, said directing means comprising a source of compressed air; a nozzle mounted adjacent to said surface; and means for blowing compressed air from said source of compressed air through said preparing mixture at said nozzle.
 2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 also including: means located below said object for collecting abrasive; and means for returning collected abrasive from said collecting means to said source of abrasive for reuse.
 3. The apparatus as defined in claim 2 also including a plurality of sources of abrasive, sources of volatile chemical solvent, mixing means and directing means located adjacent to said collecting means.
 4. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which said directing means includes a plurality of scoops for catching predetermined amounts of said preparing mixture; said scoops being arranged vertically with respect to one another, the higher of said scoops being larger than the lower of said scoops.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means for directing a stream of said preparing mixture onto said surface at an oblique angle includes nozzle means causing said preparing mixture to form a flat V-shaped stream.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said nozzle means includes a pair of flat nozzles pivotally connected together to form a variable V-shape.
 7. The apparatus of claim 2 including means for collecting and recycling evaporated solvent to return it to its source. 